Atherosclerosis Pulmonary, Abnormal Blood Lipids And...

Atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of coronary heart disease which can affect any artery in the body. Atherosclerosis is essentially the narrowing of arteries due to excessive build up of cholesterol-rich lipids known as plaque (Insull 2009). Once the arteries become narrow, the flow of blood will be constricted, resulting in the reduction of the nutrients and oxygen that are able to reach the heart. As a consequence, the heart becomes increasingly hypoxic resulting in ineffective contractions. The aftermath of narrow arteries often poses serious consequences as it has a high probability of causing heart attack, angina, or even stroke (Marieb Hoehn 2010; Insull 2009). Despite the fact that arteries will harden naturally as people age, the rate of plaque development is determined by the number of risk factors (Insull 2009). This essay will discuss and review the procedure in which the risk factors: hypertension, abnormal blood lipids, and smoking took to assist in the developmen t of atherosclerosis. Abnormal blood lipids There are many risk factors which facilitate the development of atherosclerosis; abnormal blood lipids are just one of them. Blood lipids consisted of three components including cholesterol, triglycerides, and two major forms of lipoproteins: high density lipoproteins (HDLs) and Low density lipoproteins (LDLs). One of the critical components which determine the degree of blockage on the arterial walls is the quantity of cholesterolShow MoreRelatedHealth Care Needs Of The World s Population Essay1536 Words   |  7 PagesCVD are mediated through changes of blood vessels including fibro-muscular hyperplasia of vessel walls and accelerated arteriosclerosis. Essential hypertension, increases pressure in arteries with no specific medical cause is one of the major risk factor for CVD. It synergistically with other risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, smoking etc., increases the risk for CVDs especially in the elderly. The pathologic effects of increased blood pressure such as endothelial dysfunctionRead MoreDescription Key Terms Of The Movement Of Blood Through The Body Via Veins And Arteries1756 Words   |  8 Pages Perfusion Concept Definition: the movement of blood through the body via veins and arteries to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and waste. 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Definition of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) COPD is preventable and one of the most common respiratory diseases. COPD characterized by an airflow limitation that is progressive and not fully reversible. It is usually describedRead MoreCase Study : Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease2114 Words   |  9 PagesAge: 55, Gender: Male Date of admission: 15/03/2016 Approximate educational level: College Diploma Definition of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) COPD is one of the most common respiratory diseases. It is characterized by airflow limitation that is progressive, not preventable, and not fully reversible. It is usually describes a mixture of chronic bronchitis (increased mucusRead MoreDisorders Of Endocrine Control Of Growth And Metabolism3277 Words   |  14 Pagesdiseases such as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, the free thyroxine (free T4) lab test is performed usually after discovering that the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level is abnormal (Porth C 2014 p.1288) T4 and T3 usually circulate in the blood bound to protein and only a small percentage is free (not bound). Blood tests can measure total T4, free T4, total T3, or free T3. The total T4 can be affected by the amount of protein available to bind to the hormone. The free T4 test is thought to beRead MoreCoronary Artery Disease: Education And Prevention Of Modifiable2394 Words   |  10 Pagescomplication in which the vessels in the heart are stenosed and hardened, due to plaque buildup. Also, known as Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a main factor contributing to CAD. Plaque sticks to the vessel walls, narrowing the lumen and obstructs blood flow to the heart muscle. Poor myocardial perfusion can lead to ischemia, decreased cardiac output and heart failure. Alongside atherosclerosis, there are other risk factors that contribute to CAD, these can be classified as modifiable and non-modifiableRead MoreThe Effect Of Cardiopulmonary Parameters On Blood Pressure And Lack Of Physical Activity Essay2220 Words   |  9 Pages SYNOPSIS M.P.T Programme 2013-2015 AMITY INSTITUTE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY (AIPT) COMPARE CARDIOPULMONARY PARAMETERS (BLOOD PRESSURE, HEART RATE, SpO2 , BMI,INSPIRATORY AND EXPIRATORY CAPACITIES) IN NECK OBESE AND ABDOMINALLY OBESE INDVIDUALS. Name Ankita Samuel Enrollment Number A1102713009 Programme Master of Physiotherapy(2013-2015) Elective Cardiopulmonary Contact Details 9899687131 ankitasamuel@gmail.com Introduction Obesity is a combination of genotype and the environmentRead MoreMyocardil Effusion4228 Words   |  17 Pagesa family history of vasculopathy and a personal history of poorly managed hypertension and smoking (risk factors). In both acute and chronic conditions, the MI represents a dramatic failure of prevention (Daniels (2003)). Peter is a 72 year old, retired gentleman who has: Angina, diabetes mellitus, Coronary Artery Disease and Emphysema. He has had 2 previous MIs in the past, has a well controlled blood pressure and a functional renal system. Peter was a long term smoker and had a regular alcohol

Honesty And Negotiations Is It Best For Success While...

Honesty in Negotiations There are many individuals who believe that he or she must do what it ever it takes to win, this is also true for negotiations. But as honest adults, with personal standards, one must focus on ethically correct actions that lead one to win. These activities involve planning and preparation. These are great tactics that can lead a professional to success while dealing with negotiations or management. There are many other ethically correct tactics that can lead a professional to reach their goals or objectives. Many times when negotiations become stressful or tough, one can easily choose the actions that will questions ones moral principles. Also, such circumstances can easily lead an individual to lye or practice deceptive tactics. Such practices can seem normal if one fails to recognize the difference between right or wrong. One must always remain ready to analyze the situation and tell the difference between right or wrong. By doing so one will apply the co rrect bargaining mix and succeed at doing what is right and at negotiating. When dealing with negotiations, many believe that it is fair to say that certain modifications to ones practices must take part to win a negotiation. These actions or moves must not involve questioning ones ethics. One must remain honest with the other party, this will help negotiations to remain honest during the process. Honesty will send out the right message. This message must show the other party that one is willingShow MoreRelatedLabor Contract Issues Are Challenging For Any Manager3552 Words   |  15 Pagesrepresent the best interest of their constituency ? the general population ? to which they are ultimately responsible. This dynamic creates a necessary tightrope that can be difficult to walk with the administrator desiring to ?play nice? with the employees while at the same time not getting trampled by these same employees from their demands during negotiations. Luckily, a prudent administrator can take steps to navigate this fine line while preparing for the negotiation, during the negotiation and afterRead MoreLabor Contract Issues Are Challenging For Any Manager3557 Words   |  15 Pagesrepresent the best interest of their constituency – the general population – to which they are ultimately responsible. This dynamic creates a necessary tightrope that can be difficult to walk with the administrator desiring to â€Å"play nice† with the employees while at the same time not getting trampled by these same employees from their demands during negotiations. Luckily, a prudent administrator can take steps to navigate this fine line while preparing for the negotiation, during the negotiation and afterRead More Hotel Rwanda Essay example1565 Words   |  7 PagesNegotiator† definitely caught my eye†¦particularly since I had checked the DVD out from the library last Friday but hadn’t yet watched it. Benjamin’s article piqued my i nterest enough to do some additional research on Rwanda, and passion was born. While a colony of Belgium, Rwanda was separated into two tribal groups which many say was based on physical characteristics such as the wideness of the nose: the common Tutsi (majority), and the upper-class Hutu (minority). For many years, the Tutsis wereRead MoreWhat Are The Moral And Ethical Issues Facing Gary?1271 Words   |  6 PagesThe Blue Spider Project Submitted to: Dr. Sheryl L. Hodges Submitted by: Tejaswi Materla 1) What are the moral and ethical issues facing Gary? Open communications, honesty, and integrity in dealing with customers, truth in negotiations, and factual status reporting are some of the critical factors that affect the project execution . There was no open communication between Gary, and Lord Industries or the functional managers regarding the project phase updates. The project started with dishonestyRead MoreThe Leadership And Management Skills1386 Words   |  6 Pagespaper critically draws the examples of the leadership styles of one of the United States most recognized leaders– Abraham Lincoln. Discussion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Abraham Lincoln’s leadership style was exemplary, accepting opposition and using his strong negotiation and public speaking dexterity to win numbers rallying behind him and supporting his plea. For one, it is affirmed that Lincoln’s type of leadership led the United States through the great Civil War and even went further in convincing the obstinateRead MoreSenior Human Resources Officer For Entering The Arena Of Negotiation Coaching Recommendations For Executive Leadership Essay1922 Words   |  8 PagesSummary To better prepare the chief human resources officer for entering the arena of negotiation coaching recommendations for executive leadership. Prior to the negotiation the (CHRO) would require that all transactions are represented through a negotiation. This strategy for trade is rehashed and every now and again goes unnoticed. In the event that the mediation is at your demand, furthermore, you will wish to hold oversee beyond what many would consider possible to begin the degree for achievingRead MoreWal-Mart Negotiations with Talley3315 Words   |  14 Pages---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 Communication Problem/Issue Identification Effective communication strategies and a well thought out plan of attack are essential elements to any negotiation. Incorporating these two elements will significantly improve the chances of the negotiation ending in favor of the terms sought. 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Communication â€Å"Often the project success is determined not by tag you set at the starts but how you manage the issues as you go along through effective communication† (E) Communication is one of the strongest strategies used to maintain relationship and manage stakeholder expectation ofRead MoreMy Implications and Learned Lessons in Business Negotiation4718 Words   |  19 PagesMy Implications and Learned Lessons in Business Negotiation Being a salesperson like me, I must admit that it is a tough marketplace out there and strong negotiating skills are fundamental to achieving and more importantly sustaining career and business success, particularly within a competitive sales and marketing environment. Those of us who want to achieve better results, both at work and in our private lives, need to develop effective negotiating skills. It is worth to bear in mind that ifRead MoreConflict Management at Miami Dade Public School3247 Words   |  13 Pagesfor students and teacher retention. This paper will investigate a pressing trend occurring within Miami Dade Public School the disruptive behavior of students and how the management of the school uses general conflict management strategies and negotiations to resolve those issues. The solution to get into the top management place is to have an advanced understanding of the profession and its conduct. The majority people who work in trade move to identify the politics and issues in their individual

Water Pollution in Textile Industry Free Essays

Reduction In the con. [amount of chemicals used thereby reducing their harmful effects. Reduction of waste concentration by recovery and reuse. We will write a custom essay sample on Water Pollution in Textile Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Reduction of waste concentration by chemical substitution. Reduction of waste concentration by process modification. Segregation of Fenton of each process. Devising suitable treatment for ultimate disposal, to meet the requirements. To explore the economics related to reuse of treated Fenton. Reduction In waste water volume Reducing the number of washing and use of hot water in washings use of counter current washing use of standing bath in dyeing Use of low Liquor Ratio systems Good house keeping and prevention of leakages and spillages (A reduction of 20- 40 volume of wastewater generated Is possible) Reduction In con. / amount of chemicals Optimum use is necessary, which is not always possible in textile processing industry Textile processing involves heterogeneous interactions between fiber material – solid and chemicals – liquid, solutions or emulsions. Essential operations involved in Textile Processing : Maximum penetration of chemicals into fiber material to achieve desired Interactions. Thorough removal of unused/unfixed chemicals and Impurities from the textile material. Because of the heterogeneity of Interaction, only Limited absorption f various types of chemicals and coolants used for chemical processing onto the textile fiber materials is possible. Reduction of waste con. By recovery and reuse of Recovery of synthetic sizing agents from desiring bath and their reuse. Reactive dyes have very low BODY) Multifunctional reactive dyes for better fixation less unfixed Use of non-ionic tessellate fatty alcohols and anionic polymerases in place of alkyl phenol tessellates CEO-friendly stabilizers, sequestrates Use of mineral acid in desiring Use of enzymes in various processes Substitution of sodium sulfide for sulfur dyes Disperse- hydrocarbon carriers No or less kerosene in Pigment Printing Partial or complete replacement of printing gums by suitable emulsions Formaldehyde free cationic dye fixing agent, DEEMED, low formaldehyde Low salt dyes Reduction of waste con. By process modification Use of Foam technology Use of transfer paper printing Combined processes Automatic dispensing Segregation of drain Many a times it is convenient to segregate the waste water of a particular textile wet process for efficient reuse/ recovery of chemicals or dyes. This leads to economy of the process. However it is utmost necessary to have sufficient concentration of the chemical / dye in the waste water that can be economically recovered and put to reuse. If the concentration is too low or if the chemical is cheap, then this technique s ineffective. Devising suitable treatment for ultimate disposal Depends on mode of discharge of effluent. Balance between the capital cost and running cost of treatment. If disposal is into public sewers, preliminary treatment (screening, grit removal and equalization) followed only by primary treatment with chemical coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation will be necessary. If disposal is directly to stream then primary and secondary treatment is necessary. If disposal is on the agriculture land, primary treatment followed by gypsum treatment for reduction of sodium will be necessary. How to cite Water Pollution in Textile Industry, Essays

Social Media and Impact on Consumers Behaviour

Question: Discuss about the Social Media and Impact on Consumers Behaviour. Answer: Introduction: In the recent years, building social media presence has become an integral part of the e-commerce industry. The business firms use social presence to attract new customers and influence their perception. Due to the immense competition in the e-commerce industry companies use social presence to attract new customers and retain the older ones. The e-commerce businesses use blog pages and social media to increase brand awareness and increase the number of potential customers (Rawat and Divekar, 2014). A well-established business in a physical location builds an online presence to increase its sales and expand its customer base beyond the physical location. Many retailers are using internet to increase their product sales and attract more customers to their physical store. The customers use online medium to shop online or view the products and promotional offers offered by the business. It can be stated that online presence provides an advantage to the business organizations to expand their business. The online presence is an expansion of the physical store; however, several considerations are needed to launch a successful online presence. Building an online presence for s business is different from launching a new business online in several ways. The online customers are different from the customers who walk into the physical store. Therefore, it is important for the business to adopt an appropriate strategy for launching online business. The businesses have to launch new strategi es for advertising, pricing and shipping of the products through online mediums. A local firm faces several problems while launching an online business such as language barriers or social differences. For instance a website launching an e-commerce website in another country has to abide by the standardized sizes followed in different countries. Moreover, communicating effectively with online customers in different countries is also challenging for the online vendors (Consumer Dummies, 2016). Rampton (2016) have stated that the before making a purchase decision, a consumer searches about the company and the product online; therefore, the online presence can be stated as the first introduction of the company to the consumers. Thats why it is important for the companies to build a strong online presence. The online presence of a business organization builds its image, reputation and attracts potential customers. However, in the present times, most of the business organizations have an online presence; therefore, the companies must implement some strategies to distinguish themselves from their counterparts. In this regard, a company can create their website and optimize it so that it is mobile friendly. It is important that the website is simple and easy to use. The essential components of a website are an about us page, blog testimonials, blog and a contact address. Secondly, the companies should select a limited number of social channels to communicate with their customers on the basis of business type and communication type. The companies should focus on three most popular businesses LinkedIn, Facebook and Twitter. Blogs are also effective in giving a voice to the online brand and building trust with personally connecting with the consumers. Unique and quality content establishes a good reputation of the company. Security in e-commerce payment websites In the recent times, the online shopping has gained immense popularity due to its high accessibility, easy, quick and cheaper methods to make transactions and consumer purchase. The increasing use of the online transactions has raised the issue of internet security and privacy in financial transactions. The majority of the consumers who avoid online transactions do it due to their perception regarding internet security. Therefore, the ability of e-commerce website to build a successful online business is to combat the security threats and modify the consumer perception regarding internet security. In the internet security, the perceived availability, confidentiality and the non-denial of the services are essential components. These factors also play a key decision in the consumer purchase decision and the use of an e-commerce website. The security aspects of the site have implications on the consumers perceived usefulness, ease of use and attitude towards the website (Hartono et al., 2014). The business organizations are also needed to improve the security in online transactions to increase trust and it increases the use of e-commerce. The e-commerce websites must establish technical infrastructure which is resistant to the security attacks. Several technical protections and security protocols are established to protect the system from the security attacks. The security in the e-commerce website is dependent upon several factors, namely, technical infrastructure, transaction factors, such as secure payment according to rules and legal factors. The present security methods include encryption and authentication techniques wherein the identity and privacy of the customers are protected from fraudulent activities. In e-commerce websites, the security of the payment systems can be divided into two components, namely, integrity, which includes authentication of consumers, privacy and transferability, payer tracing and payment confidentiality. The e-commerce websites can incre ase the consumer trust by publishing security statements in which the companies can publish information regarding operations and security statements. It creates the information security which positively contributes to the purchase decision (Nah and Tan, 2016). There are two kinds of security threats in the e-commerce website, namely, the threat to the e-commerce website and the threat to the customers of the e-commerce website. An e-commerce merchandizer has to give highest priority to the security due to the large number of security threats. The merchandizers have to implement the right security in the first time, because it is almost impossible to recover from the security mistakes of the organization. In this regard, the e-commerce companies should store only the essential information of the customers. Several e-commerce websites store excessive information regarding the customers to create market insight; however, if the company loses this information it invites flak and creates distrust among the customers. The company should make a conscious decision to use internal transaction system to process their online decisions. Using external payment system increases the vulnerability of the system and increases the operational cost of the co mpany (Zorzini, 2016). Competitive advantage in e-commerce environment In the contemporary business environment, there is high competition among the business organizations and e-commerce companies due to saturation in the field and marginal profits. The consumers are becoming highly demanding; they want a personalized treatment, and suggestions to the products and services that better suit their needs. Therefore, it has become essential for the e-commerce companies to create a competitive advantage to increase their customer base. In regard to the e-commerce industry, the database marketing is considered as an essential tool for developing the competitive advantage of the companies. It provides the companies with opportunity to connect the customers and the vendors as per the new market trend. The companies can use the database marketing to make available the data in an appropriate structure so that the consumers can access it easily (Kahraman and Sari, 2016). It will improve the performance of the companies and provide them with support in the marketing activities. The database marketing refers to the direct form of marketing herein the companies directly communicates with their customers based on their previous transactions and provide customized suggestions according to their preferences. In the digital economy, the database marketing provides the customers a tool to enhance their market share and gaining competitive advantage (Kahraman and Sari, 2016). Along with it, there are other activities in research and development, production and marketing that enable a business organization to attain competitive advantage. The competitive advantage is referred to the distinctive competencies of a company which enables it to provide efficiency and customer satisfaction. An e-commerce organization can create a competitive advantage by providing superior services in relation to its counterparts. The companies can also offer the products at a lower price to increase customer base. The companies can also use the option of providing services at a local retailer to provide better services to the customers. The companies can better serve the customers who want to look at the merchandize before buying it or the customers who prefer to pick up the products instead of delivery services. The company can save on the delivery charges and simplify the pre-processing before placing the orders. This kind of strategies assists an e-commerce form to different iate itself from its competitors (Lee, 2016). The companies can increase the competitive advantage by enhancing the customer experience by integrating several customer experience strategies. In order to offer satisfactory consumer experience to all the customers, the companies need to design value proposition strategy to its customers. In the strategy development, the customer base should be divided into different segments and a unique value proposition should be developed for each customer. While making a transaction, a customer may interact with the sales person, support staff and the billing department. It is important that all the staff members acknowledge the organization culture of the company and support the company to provide unique experience to the customers. The companies can better develop their customer service strategies by identifying the needs of the consumers. By identifying the needs of the consumers, the company can exceed the expectations of the consumers (Gary, 2017) Consumer behaviour of online customers The major target market for the e-commerce companies is the online customer base. Therefore, recently, several researches are conducted to investigate the behaviour or the online consumers and the key motivational factors that affect the online purchase decision. The factors affecting the online purchase decision are different from the offline factors. Therefore, the marketing tactics employed by the e-business organizations are also different from the offline methods. Although the online shopping experience is quite popular to the consumers who want convenience and rapid transactions, several factors such as lack of trust, the need of examining the product and human interaction prevents them to buy online. The decision-making to buy a product online is also different from the traditional purchase decision. The consumers first see the online advertisements, seeking more information through online channels, comparing the choice of products, searching consumer reviews and brand image a nd at last making the purchase decision ((Veronika, 2013). In this regard, the website stricture, customer reviews and the brand name plays a specific role in the purchase decision. The well-organized information becomes crucial in supporting the purchase decision of thee consumers. The option to compare different products is the unique feature of online shopping. The variety of the products offered, information quality and the sales services are crucial in predicting the online purchase decision. From the above discussion it can be deduced that the major motivating factors in the online shopping are convenience, availability and assortment of the products and services, information availability and saving in terms of cost and time. The major motivating factor in the online shopping is the convenience offered to the consumers. The consumers can access online shopping twenty-four hours. Moreover, the consumers can also avoid online crowds and long queues with online shopping (Veronika, 2013). A few customers also avoid communication with the sales person as they feel uncomfortable to interact with them which increase the use of online shopping. Similarly, the information provided to the online customers is also significant in purchase decision. The consumers cannot physically test the product; therefore, they accumulate as much information as possible from the internet sources. They also access the online consumer reviews to check the viability of purchasing the product. Therefore, it becomes important for the e-commerce websites to provide all the necessary information to the customers. Along with it, the time and the cost efficiency also encourages the consumers to buy products online (Customer Service Skills, 2017). Social media is also an import in encouraging the customers to buy products online. Several e-commerce companies have pages or accounts on the social media that complements the information provided in the merchandizers website. It utilizes the information obtained by the feedback of the consumers and develops the band image of the organization (Ioan?s and Stoica, 2014). Social media marketing The social media marketing is the process of obtaining customers and attention of the online users through social media sites. The online marketers use social media to interact with the consumers and establishing a connection with them. In the social media feeds, new content, news stories are discovered which are basically a search activity and increases the knowledge of the customers of a specific brand. The social media marketing is commonly used by the e-businesses and the online companies to increase the customer base and audience of the company. A company can create a comprehensive social media strategy by following certain guidelines. It is important for a business organization to provide quality content all the time. In the social media marketing, the primary aim of the company is to increase its sales; however, instead of directly asking the consumers, the company should provide qualitative information and content. In the social media marketing, the companies focus on providi ng qualitative content to the consumers; however, the context of advancing the content should also be relevant otherwise the content will be futile in attracting the attention of the consumers (Tuten and Solomon, 2014). In social media marketing, the consumers interact with the companies, other customers and provide their feedback. It is important for the companies to listen to the feedback of their consumers. It will assist the companies in improvising the products and the services offered by them. In addition, most of the consumers post on the social media as they just want to listen. Responding promptly to them and solving the consumers queries will increase the consumer satisfaction in the buying process (Youtube, 2013). The most commonly used social media sites are Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. The companies use these marketing channels to establish marketing communication and achieve branding goals. The companies share videos, content and images to distinguish themselves from their counterparts, establish a brand image, increasing the traffic to the website, lead conversion, establishing a unique brand identity and enhancing the brand conversion. In the social media marketing, planning is t he foremost thing. The companies can emphasize on doing keyword research and research several ideas that can better connect the company to its target market. Moreover, it is also important for the company to create a consistent brand image using the social media. In the social media marketing strategy, the companies use different marketing channels to communicate with their customers. The voice and the environment of each marketing channel is different; however, it is important that the business organizations should create a consistent brand image in all the social media platforms that reflect the core principles of the business. Blogging is also an effective social media strategy to increase the customer base and provide comprehensive information related to the company. The company can blog about contests and events in the companys blog (Singh and Diamond, 2014). Role of Big data and predictive marketing The e-commerce industry is increasingly attracted towards the use of big data to improve the productivity of their operations. The e-commerce companies using big data are having 5-6% higher productivity than the other companies (Akter, Fosso Wamba, 2016). Big data is highly relevant to the companies in the e-commerce industry as it allows tracking the behaviour of one-time user and turning them into repeated consumers. With big data, the companies can utilize the user data in an effective manner and enhance their decision-making in strategic business decisions. With big data, the companies benefit in buyer-consumer interaction and bargaining or sales monitoring. The companies can also identify loyal customers, determining the prices of the product and identifying the quality issues in the products. Big data and predictive modelling brings together the management talent and technology to support the argument that these three are effectively entangled with each other. Therefore, big da ta is a holistic approach that builds the competitive advantage of the company by bringing together source, data and skills (Akter, Fosso Wamba, 2016). According to Edosio (2014), the cheap computing abilities and the prevalence of internet have increased the popularity of big data in e-commerce companies. In the e-commerce industry, data is not considered as a by-product of the business transactions but as key information to provide insight to the consumer behaviour and adapting the search results and advertisements according to the taste of the customers. In the e-commerce industry, the data can be differentiated into structured data and unstructured data. The structured data refers to the regular data that a firm captures, like name, address and age. In contrast to it, the unstructured data refers to the data such as likes, preferences, tweets and videos. It provides key insight to the consumer preference and the social trends. Big data and predictive analysis is also important as the e-commerce industry is a dynamic industry and highly competitive industry. Most of the companies in the e-commerce industry are working at very thin margins; therefore, it is important to them to establish their competitive advantage. In the e-commerce industry, the largest expense comes in the form of consumer acquisition. Since, today the consumers have numerous choices for each product, it becomes critical for the e-commerce companies to convert the lead. In essence, big data and predictive modelling are used to enhance the consumer experience. The companies are using analytics to examine the buying path of consumer and consumer experience. Moreover, the e-commerce companies are using predictive modelling to determine the prices of their products. The companies have to regularly regulate the prices of their products based on the competition and the demand of the product. Predictive modelling is also used to predict what product the consumers are likely to purchase from their shopping behaviour, likes and searches on search engine. A common example of big data in e-commerce business is A/B testing. In this method, the business organizations use two version of web page with different details and use analytics to examine which version will remain more effective (Smith, 2016). References Akter, S. Fosso, Wamba, S. (2016). Big Data Analytics in ECommerce: A Systematic Review and Agenda for Future Research, Electronic Markets, DOI 10.1007/s12525-016-0219-0. Consumer Dummies. (2016). Small Business Marketing Strategies All-In-One For Dummies For Dummies. London: John Wiley Sons. Customer Service Skills. (2017). Customer Service Skills. Keeping.com. [Online]. Available at: https://www.keeping.com/customer-service/customer-service-skills/ [Accessed at: 10 January 2017]. Edosio, U. Z. (2014). Big Data Analytics and its Application in E-Commerce. E-Commerce Technologies, at University of Bradford, 1. Emicion Digital. (2016). Social Media Marketing. [Online]. Available at: https://emociondigital.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Social-Media-Marketing.bmp [Accessed at: 10 January 2017]. 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